Motnje dihanja so najpogostejša težava novorojenčkov, zaradi katerih je potrebna obravnava na oddelku za intenzivno nego ali trapijo. Dihalne težave novorojenčkov so lahko posledica akutno ali kronično prizadetih pljuč, dihanje pa je lahko prizadeto tudi zaradi motene regulacije, ki se pri novorojenčkih največkrat kažejo kot dihalni premori. Zdravstvena nega novorojenčka z dihalnimi premori temelji na dobrem kliničnem opazovanju, monitoriranju, zagotavljanju in vzdrževanju prehodnih dihalni poti in na rednem dajanju predpisane medikamentozne terapije. Posebna znanja in veščine so potrebni pri otrocih, zdravljenih z invazivno ali neinvazivno dihalno podporo. Posebej pomembno je v pacientovo dokumentacijo vpisovati evidenco apnoičnih dogodkov, da lahko spremljamo in ugotavljamo morebitni vzorec pojavljanja dihalnih premorov.
Nursing care of the neonate with breathing disorders
Breathing disorders are the most common neonatal complications that require admission to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Breathing disorders can be caused by acute or chronic lung disease, or they can be caused by dysregulation, most commonly manifested as apnoeas in neonates. Nursing care of a neonate with apnoea consists of close clinical observation, monitoring, establishing and maintaining airway patency, and regular administration of medicamentous therapy. Special knowledge and skills are required in infants on invasive or non-invasive respiratory support. It is imperative to keep a record of apnoeic episodes in the patient’s medical records so that we can monitor and establish the likely pattern of apnoeic episodes.