Novorojenčki in dojenčki predstavljajo posebno skupino otrok s sindromom obstruktivne apneje v spanju (OSAS). Polisomnografija (PSG) in respiratorna poligrafija (RP) sta standardni preiskavi pri diagnostiki OSAS in dajeta pomembne informacije o njeni resnosti. Še več, PSG in RP nas vodita pri izbiri zdravljenja in sta pomembni pri spremljanju teh otrok, ker pomagata pri izbiri med neinvazivnimi in invazivnimi načini zdravljenja. Izvid PSG ali RP je pomemeben pri ukinitvi neinvazivne dihalne podpore in pri dekanulaciji otroka s traheostomo. PSG ali RP imata tudi svoje omejitve, sta časovno dolgotrajni preiskavi, dragi, v večini centrov slabo dostopni in zahtevni za interpretacijo, tako na PSG ali RP pride le omejno število otrok. V prihodnosti bi bilo zato smiselno razvijati posebne algoritme in enostavne naprave, s katerimi bi presejalno izbirali otroke, ki potrebujejo napotitev na PSG ali RP.
Obstructive Breathing Disorders in Neonates – the Role of Polygraphy in the Diagnosis and Follow-up
Neonates and infants with upper airway obstruction represent a specific group of children with obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS). Polysomnography (PSG) and respiratory polygraphy (RP) are the gold standard tests for the diagnosis of OSAS and provide important information about its severity. Moreover, PSG/RP guide treatment choices and are crucial for the follow up by allowing physicians to choose between invasive and non-invasive strategies. They also guide weaning from non-invasive respiratory supports or decannulation in children with a tracheostomy. However, PSG/RP are time consuming, expensive, poorly available in most centrs, and difficult to interpret. Thus, only a limited number of children will undergo a PSG. Therefore, it is imperative to develop specific algorithms that may prioritize children who must undertake such tests using more simple tools.